dressler



Jam. 2, 1940. I c; DRESSLER 2,185,501

BREATHER SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES 2 Sheets-Sheet l I FiledMay 15, 1939 1m \1 m vw a INVENTOR ATTORNEYS Jan. 2, 1940. A, c,DRESSLER 2,185501 B'REATHER SYSTEM FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES FiledMay 15, 1959 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 'INVENTOR. flaak/z 6. flfif// BY ATTORNEYSPatented Jan. 2, 1940 aisuu BBEATHER SYSTEM ron. INTERNAL oom- BUSTIONENGINES Adolph C. Dressler,

Dieselair Corporation, .tlo'n of Delaware Miami, kla., assignor toMiami, 0th., a corpora- Application may 15, 19:9, sci-an No. 213,050

2 Claims- This invention relates to internal combustion engines andparticularly attachments for the conventional type of gasoline enginesemployed in automotive equipment, and the primary oh- 5 ject is 'toprovide an attachment which supplements the conventional breather andair intake elements to the end that vapors evolved in the crank case andcommunicating cavities are drawn therefrom and mixed with air enteringthe carburetor. I

One of the important aims of the present invention is to provide abreather systemfor internal combustion engines that includes means forinterconnecting and placing into communication the conventional breatheropening and the air intake of the carburetor serving the engine.

This invention has for an even further object the provision of means forso interconnecting the breather cap and carburetor of an internalcombustion engine that evolved vapors will draw by vacuumatic actioninto the stream of air entering the carburetor before the said airreaches the venturi thereof.

Another aim of the crank case and carburetor of an internal combustionengine, which means includes a specially formed chambered head having aseries of ports arranged to uniquely employ-the force of incoming air toestablish suction whereby evolved vapors formed within the crank caseare drawn to and comingled with the air supply of the carburetor priorto its passing the venturi of the carburetor.

A further object of this invention is to provide an internal combustionengine with a breather system adapted to withdraw vapors from within thecrank case, which system has a specially formed head and with means forautomatically precluding the movement of air and vapors from the crankcase to the carburetor when the vacuumatic pressure or suction createdby air entering the carburetor reaches a predetermined point.

Another object of the invention is to provide a system of theaforementioned character wherein is included a cock for the purpose ofcontrolling the volume of air and vapors passing from 0 the crank caseto the chambered head of the system, said cock being operable incombination with a perforated flap valve that is held open by the actionof gravity and through which may pass a relatively small stream of airand vapors after it has been moved to the closed position by an excessof suction established by air drawn into the carburetor.

Minor objects of the invention will appear dur-' ing the course of thefollowing specification, re-

' ferring to the accompanying drawings wherein l but one embodimentpfthe invention is illustrated and wherein:

Figure l is agside elevation of an internal combustion engine having thebreather system operably associated therewith. 19

Fig. 2 1s an inverted plan view of the means for interconnecting thebreather pipe and carburetor of an internal combustion engine.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentarylongitudinal sectional view through the same. uFig. 4 is an elevational view of a portion of an internal combustionengine showing a breather system in place, which system has controlmeans forming a part thereof.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional IO view through the headofthe system illustrating a modified form of the invention, taken on lineV--V of Fig. 4; and,

Fig. Bis an enlarged fragmentary taken on line VI-VI of Fig. 5.

Those familiar with the operation of internal combustion engines realizethat the lubricating oil in the crank case thereof, is diluted becauseof the condensation of moisture in such case, and because of a certainpercentage of the fuel passing into the case from the cylinders. Normalaction of the engine, especially as regards agitating the oil within thecrank case, produces in the lubricant an objectionable substance knownas sludge". The elimination of the constituent ingredients ofthis sludgeis desirable, and the employment of a breathing system embodying thisinvention will, to an appreciable extent, evacuate the crank case andcavities of the engine block so that foreign matter will not 4 collectand combine with the oil.

Evolved vapors within the crank case and other cavities of the engineblock that are in communication with the crank case, are drawn fromtheir point of origin before condensation occurs and therefore; thedetrimental effects of these vapors and the sludge resulting from thecondensation thereof are overcome.

Heretofore,-most types'of ventilating systems have been tried withinternal combustion engines in order to remove vapors, gases and otherproducts that collect in the crank case of the engine during itsoperation. Most of these systems require that the vehicle be in motionbefore adequate ventilation can occur. when the engine detailed view ismost in need of an efficient ventilating system, during idling or slowforward movement of the vehicle, the vapors created are not removedprior to condensation and therefore, substances known to be harmful tothe internal parts of the engine are allowed to collect.

The means embodying this invention is designed to forcibly draw allobjectionable vapors from within the engine crank case as they arecreated, regardless of the speed of the engine or vehicle. 80 long asair is being drawn into the carburetor, evacuation of crank case andcavities within the engine block will occur and therefore. a constantlyoperating and highly eflicient system is provided.

The illustrated embodiment shown in the drawings comprises a conduit 6having at one end thereof the specially formed structure 3 through themedium of which the conduit may be attached to breather tube II ofengine l2. In the instance shown, structure 8 is in the nature of ashort tube having a slot l4 formed therein which engages a pin l6carried by breather tube l6.

A cap l8 hingedly mounted as at 28 may be lifted to uncover the end oftube 8 so that oil may be introduced into crank case 22 withoutdisconnecting conduit 8 and the structure at the end thereof which isemployed to operably mount that end. v

The other end of conduit 6 has a specially formed head 24 thereon whichhead may be case or otherwise formed of metal or some durable substance.Head 24 has an opening 26 on side 28 thereof, and this last mentionedend of con-' duit 6 is secured to head'24 in the manner. illustrated inFig. 3. Obviously, conduit and head 6 and respectively, may be joinedtogether in any suitable fashion so long as chamber 36 formed withinhead 24 is in communication with conduit 6.v v

Head 24 has an intake port 32 and an outlet port 34 formed thereinthrough opposite sides respectively thereof. Intake port 32 is providedin side 36 which is normally the upper side when the device is in use,and port 34 is provided in side 38 which is usually the bottom of thehead when the same forms a connection between conduit 6 and carburetor46.

An air filter 42 of convention type is in connection with head 24 andwhen the engine is in operation, air will pass through air filter 62,

head 24 and into carburetor 46, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 3.

Intake port 32 and outlet port 85 are ofifset but slightly overlappingso that the paths through which the incoming air is drawn are disposedat an angle across chamber 30. Thus, conduit 6 is vacuumized topositively draw evolved vapors from within the crank case.. Obviously.the end of conduit 6 having structure 8 thereon, may be placed incommunication with any of the cavities in engine l2 as well as incommunication with crank case 22 so long as the vapors which it isdesired to withdraw are able to reach that 7 end of the conduit.

When installing the breather system, attachment to carburetor 46 shouldbe made at a point where vapors will enter the incoming air prior totheir passing the venturi and fuel jets of the carburetor. It would notbe practical to inject the vapors from within crank case into the airafter it has passed through the carburetor and therefore, this zone ofconnection should be carefully observed. The adjustment of carburetor 60need not be changed when head 24 in place.

The cross sectional area of conduit 6 is appreciably less than the samearea of ports 32 and 34, not only for the purpose of maintaining aconstant vacuumatic pressure but to insure that the amount of airreaching the carburetor is not greatly altered by the introduction ofthe vapors which pass through conduit 6. The suction created through theconduit is not great enough to draw lubricating oil or objectionablesolids into the carburetor and as long as the engine is operating aforced draft must be established.

In some installations, it is desirable to preclude the passage oflubricating oil and other solids to the carburetor. The vacuumaticpressure established by the passage of air through the is secured headof the system rises to such a point that oil is sucked through theconduit and, thence into the carburetor horn where destructive reactionmay effect the efliciency of the engine with which the system iscombined.

. The modified form of the invention illustrated in Figs. 4 to 6.inclusive, makes provision for overcoming the objection which mightarise in the event suction becomes too great at the point where conduit58 connects with head 62. This head 52 follows the generalcharacteristic of head 24, illustrated in Figs. 1 to 3 inclusive, inthat it has an intake port 64 in communication with air filter 56 and anoutlet port 88 in communication with horn 68 of carburetor 62. Theopening 64 which communicates with conduit 58 through the medium ofcoupling 66, is created in a normally horizontal portion 68 of head 62.

The lower face 18 of portion ,68 is roughened as at 12 so that when flapvalve 14 is moved thereagainst the latter will not have a tendency toadhere to face 18.

Flap valve I4 y be made of any suitable material which is not effectedby oil, oil vapors or heat. It is freely hung on securing members 16which pass through slots 88 formed in valve 74 near one edge, heads 82of members 16 being large enough to insure freedom of movement towardand from surface 18. 1 v

. A perforation 84 formed through flap valve 12 at a place where air maypass into head 62 when the valve is closed, maintains a constantcirculation without entirely interrupting the flow of air from-the crankcase to head 62 when the suction through the system has become greatenough to overcome the action of gravity on flap valve 12 and move it tothe closed position.

The weight of flap valve '14 may be altered to suit conditions met byparticular installations, and after a flap valve 14 has once beeninstalled, the cook 86 is employed to control the volume of air andvapors entering conduitv 56 from the crank case. This cock 86 .is setand unlike flap valve 14, will remain in place until manuallymanipulated to again change the opening there'- through which controlsthe passage of air through the system.

When both valve 14 and cook 86 are used in the system, a fine adjustmentis possible and no amount of fluctuation in the vacuumatic action.through head 52 will introduce objectionable liquids or solids to thecarburetor from the other parts of the engine with which it is connectedby the component elements of the system.

The concepts of this invention are broad enough to permit embodying thesame in strucv. a v mentor turesotherthan -thoseillustrated anddescribed.-

a and thereiorait is desiredtobelimited onlybry v the spirit oi theinvention and scope of the appended claims."

. Having thus described the invention, what isclaimedasnewanddesiredtobesecuredbylietters Patent is:

1. The combination with an internal combustion engine having acarburetor provided with an air intake, a crank case for holdinzlubricating, oil, and a block having cavities formed therein incommunication with the crank case, of means for conveying vapors evolvedwithin the crank case and said cavities to the air intake oi thecarburetor, said means including'a conduit; a I chambered head on oneend of the conduit provided with an air intake port, an air outlet port,and an opening for receiving one end of the condnit; and structure onthe other end of the con- 7 duit for placing the latter in communicationwith vthecrankcaseandcavitiesintheblochsaidportsbeingdisposedtocreatevacuumaticactionatthesaidopeningwhenairispassingtoI Y the carburetor, said head having a perforated flap valve looselymounted therein for movement to and from a position for partiallyclosing the opening when the vacuumatic action reaches a predeterminedpoint, said valve beingheld open by the action of uumatic action ceases.

gravity thereon when vac- 2. The combination with an internal combus-- Ition engine having a carburetor provided with an air intake. a crankcase for holding lubricating oil, and a block having cavities formedtherein 1 in communication with the crank case of means for conveyingvapors evolved within the crank with the crankcase and cavities in theblock,

said ports being disposed to create vacuumatic action at the saidopening when air is passing to the carburetor, said head having aperforated flap valve loosely mounted therein for movement to and from aposition for partially closing the opening when the vacuumatic actionreachw a predetermined point, said valve being'held open by the actionof gravity thereon when the vacuumatic action ceases, said head having aroughened surface engageable by the flap valve when the latter isclosed.

- ADOLPH O. DRESSLER.

